The Toyota Corolla is a name synonymous with reliability, affordability, and widespread popularity. A global automotive icon, it has consistently ranked among the best-selling cars in the world for decades. Understanding the history of this automotive giant, particularly its origins and evolution, offers valuable insight into its enduring success and impact on the automotive landscape. This article delves into the complete story of when the Toyota Corolla was made, exploring its numerous generations and significant milestones.
Toyota Corolla: A Historical Overview
| Generation | Production Years | Key Characteristics & Significant Changes |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Generation (E10) | 1966-1970 | Introduced as a compact, family-friendly car with a focus on affordability and fuel efficiency. Featured a 1.1L engine and a 4-speed manual transmission. |
| 2nd Generation (E20) | 1970-1974 | Slightly larger than its predecessor, with improved styling and comfort. Offered a wider range of engine options, including a 1.2L engine. Introduced a coupe model. |
| 3rd Generation (E30, E40, E50, E60) | 1974-1979 | Faced challenges due to the oil crisis, leading to a greater focus on fuel economy. Featured updated styling and improved handling. Introduced the Corolla Liftback. |
| 4th Generation (E70) | 1979-1983 | Marked a significant design change, with a more angular and modern appearance. Featured improved fuel efficiency and reliability. Available in various body styles, including sedan, coupe, wagon, and liftback. |
| 5th Generation (E80) | 1983-1987 | Introduced front-wheel drive (FWD) for the first time on some models, marking a significant technological shift. Offered improved handling and fuel economy. The legendary AE86 (Corolla GT-S) gained popularity. |
| 6th Generation (E90) | 1987-1992 | Further refined the FWD platform and offered improved aerodynamics and interior comfort. Available in various trims, including the sporty GTi. |
| 7th Generation (E100) | 1991-1997 | Focused on safety and comfort, with features like airbags and improved sound insulation. A more conservative design compared to previous generations. |
| 8th Generation (E110) | 1997-2002 | Emphasized fuel efficiency and reliability, with a focus on environmental responsibility. Introduced a new engine family. |
| 9th Generation (E120) | 2000-2008 | Featured a more modern and stylish design, with improved performance and handling. Offered in various trims, including the sporty XRS. |
| 10th Generation (E140, E150) | 2006-2013 | Focused on fuel efficiency and value, with a range of engine options. Offered in sedan and wagon body styles. |
| 11th Generation (E170) | 2013-2019 | Featured a more aggressive and stylish design, with improved fuel economy and technology. Offered in various trims, including the sporty S model. |
| 12th Generation (E210) | 2018-Present | Built on the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA) platform, offering improved handling, safety, and fuel efficiency. Available in sedan, hatchback, and wagon body styles. Introduced hybrid models. |
Detailed Explanations
1st Generation (E10): 1966-1970
The first Toyota Corolla, introduced in November 1966, was a compact family car designed to be affordable and fuel-efficient. It was powered by a 1.1-liter K engine and featured a 4-speed manual transmission. This generation laid the foundation for the Corolla's future success by prioritizing practicality and value.
2nd Generation (E20): 1970-1974
The second generation Corolla, launched in 1970, was slightly larger and offered improved styling and comfort. It expanded the engine options with a 1.2-liter engine and introduced a coupe model, catering to a wider range of consumers. This generation continued to build on the Corolla's reputation for reliability.
3rd Generation (E30, E40, E50, E60): 1974-1979
The third-generation Corolla, spanning from 1974 to 1979, faced the challenges of the oil crisis. This led to a stronger emphasis on fuel economy. Updated styling and improved handling were also key features. The Corolla Liftback was introduced during this period, further diversifying the model lineup.
4th Generation (E70): 1979-1983
Debuting in 1979, the fourth generation showcased a significant design change with a more angular and modern aesthetic. Improved fuel efficiency and reliability remained paramount. The availability of sedan, coupe, wagon, and liftback body styles solidified the Corolla's versatility.
5th Generation (E80): 1983-1987
The fifth generation, released in 1983, marked a pivotal technological shift with the introduction of front-wheel drive (FWD) on some models. This improved handling and fuel economy. This generation also saw the rise of the legendary AE86 (Corolla GT-S), a popular choice for enthusiasts.
6th Generation (E90): 1987-1992
The sixth generation, introduced in 1987, further refined the FWD platform, offering improved aerodynamics and interior comfort. Various trims were available, including the sporty GTi. The Corolla continued to evolve with subtle improvements.
7th Generation (E100): 1991-1997
Launched in 1991, the seventh generation Corolla prioritized safety and comfort, incorporating features like airbags and improved sound insulation. The design was more conservative compared to previous generations, appealing to a broader audience.
8th Generation (E110): 1997-2002
The eighth generation, released in 1997, emphasized fuel efficiency and reliability, aligning with growing environmental awareness. A new engine family was introduced, further optimizing performance and economy.
9th Generation (E120): 2000-2008
The ninth generation, introduced in 2000, featured a more modern and stylish design, with improved performance and handling. Various trims, including the sporty XRS, catered to different driving preferences.
10th Generation (E140, E150): 2006-2013
The tenth generation, launched in 2006, focused on fuel efficiency and value, offering a range of engine options. Available in sedan and wagon body styles, it continued to be a practical and economical choice.
11th Generation (E170): 2013-2019
The eleventh generation, introduced in 2013, showcased a more aggressive and stylish design, with improved fuel economy and technology. Various trims, including the sporty S model, offered a more dynamic driving experience.
12th Generation (E210): 2018-Present
The twelfth generation, released in 2018, is built on the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA) platform, offering improved handling, safety, and fuel efficiency. Available in sedan, hatchback, and wagon body styles, it also introduced hybrid models, further enhancing its appeal in the modern automotive market. This generation represents a significant leap forward in terms of technology and performance.
Frequently Asked Questions
When was the first Toyota Corolla made?
The first Toyota Corolla was made in November 1966.
What was the engine size of the original Corolla?
The original Corolla was equipped with a 1.1-liter K engine.
When did the Corolla introduce front-wheel drive?
Front-wheel drive was first introduced on some Corolla models in 1983 with the fifth generation (E80).
Is the Toyota Corolla still in production?
Yes, the Toyota Corolla is currently in its twelfth generation (E210) and remains in production.
What is the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA)?
The Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA) is a modular platform used by Toyota, designed to improve handling, safety, and fuel efficiency, and is the foundation for the twelfth generation Corolla.
Conclusion
The Toyota Corolla's journey from its humble beginnings in 1966 to its current status as a global automotive leader is a testament to its consistent focus on reliability, affordability, and continuous improvement. Understanding its history provides valuable context for appreciating its enduring success and its impact on the automotive industry. For those seeking a dependable and practical vehicle, the Toyota Corolla remains a compelling choice, backed by decades of proven performance.